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After the Operating Room: The Peptide Stack My Patients Recover On

This may be due to copper's ability to enhance the expression of metalloproteinases (MMPs).16 MMPs normally regulate the degradation of collagen, and a specific one, MMP-1, may be responsible for “the initiation of collagen fragmentation.”17 Supporting this, a 2024 study noted that elevated MMP-1 levels appear to contribute to aging skin and that higher MMP-1 levels in mice led to:18 The loss and fragmentation of dermal collagen fibrils Contracted fibroblast morphology Reduced collagen production Increased expression of pro-inflammatory mediators Additionally, a 2016 study found that GHK-Cu “significantly increased gene expression of MMP-1 and MMP-2 at the lowest concentration,” which the study’s authors considered to be one of the reasons the peptide was able to increase collagen and elastin production.19 So, what this could ultimately mean is that using too much GHK-Cu (or other copper peptides) may — in theory — increase the skin’s MMP-1 concentration above the levels involved in healthy collagen production, taking it into the “collagen fragmentation and breakdown” territory seen in older skin with naturally higher MMP-1 levels

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This profile is consistent with a mature epidermoid cyst, a fibrosed nodule, or a calcified growth